Kidney Transplant Surgery: Procedure, Risks and Top Urologist in India

 


What is a kidney transplant surgery?

A kidney transplant surgery, aka renal transplant surgery, is an implantation procedure of a donor’s healthy kidney into a patient having dysfunctional kidneys. The kidneys purify the toxins in the blood and throw out waste from the body in the form of urine. They also balance the body’s fluids and release hormones to control blood pressure. The kidneys are treated with a dialysis procedure if they do not perform their functions effectively. However, a kidney transplant is required when a person’s kidneys have lost 90% of their capacity to perform the functions. A person having diabetes or high blood pressure is at a greater risk for ESRD (end stage renal disease).

What is the process for kidney transplant surgery?

Kidney transplant surgery is broadly classified into 4 steps.


  1. Finding a Donor - Kidney transplant surgery initiates from finding a kidney donor. There are two types of donors:
    1. Living Donor: A kidney transplant from a living donor means getting a healthy kidney from the donor who is alive. A living person having two healthy kidneys can donate one kidney to the ESRD patient without any health complications. 
    2. Deceased Donor: A kidney transplant from a deceased donor means getting a healthy kidney from the donor who just died. Before dying, the deceased person or his/her family members decides to donate the kidneys to people in need.


2.            Finding a compatible match - The kidney transplant doctors, and their team review some tests before confirming the perfect kidney donor. These tests include:

a.            Blood typing: This test helps in determining whether a donor’s blood is a compatible match with the patient’s blood or not.

b.            Tissue typing: A tissue typing test compares and checks the tissue match of the donor’s and patient’s cells.

c.            Crossmatch: Crossmatch test detects the reaction of antibodies in the patient against the donor’s cells. If a crossmatch test result is negative, it means the donor and the patient are compatible with undergoing kidney transplant surgery.


3.            The Surgery - After finding a compatible donor, the patient undergoes 2-4 hours long kidney transplant surgery. The procedure is as follows:

o    The surgery is done under general anaesthesia. 

o    The urologists and their team monitor the patient’s blood pressure, blood oxygen level, and heart rate throughout the surgery.

o    To implant the kidney, the doctors make an incision on the lower side of the abdomen rather than the usual kidney location.

o    Unless the dysfunctional kidneys lead to any complications like kidney stones, infections, or other major pain, they are not taken out 

o    The blood vessels of the healthy kidney are connected to the patient’s blood vessels in the lower part of the abdomen.

o    The ureter of the healthy kidney connected to the patient’s bladder.

o    After that, the incision is closed, and the patient is kept in the recovery room for a few hours.


4.            Post-Surgery

o    After waking up, the staff will check the patient’s stability and then transfer to the ward or room.

o    The patient will be medicated in the hospital for a week after surgery.

o    The patient’s kidney may start functioning immediately or take a few weeks to function.

o    The pain will remain till the incision heals completely.

o    The patient needs to take immunosuppressants to prevent the rejection of your new kidney.

o    Before discharging, the doctors will instruct on the medications and regular check-up schedule.

What are the potential kidney transplant risks?

A kidney transplant surgery is major surgery and includes several health risks. They are:

  • Infections like UTIs, cold, flu, etc.
  • Ureter leakage or blockage
  • Formation of blood clots 
  • Internal bleeding
  • Organ rejection
  • Failure of the donated kidney
  • Medication side effects
  • Edema (swelling)
  • Acne
  • Weight gain

Who is the best kidney transplant doctor in India?

Dr Rahul Yadav, a Senior Consultant in the Department of Urology and Renal Transplant, is a renowned kidney transplant doctor having a clinical experience of over 17 years. He is trained in Robotic surgeries as well and is one among a few dedicated Laparoscopic/Robotic Uro-oncology surgeons in India. He practices urology at Apollomedics Super Specialty Hospital, Lucknow (UP), counted in the best hospitals for urological treatment in India. 

Book an appointment with Dr Rahul Yadav for consultation regarding any urological disease.

Location: India

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